Year |
Notes |
|
AD 1 | 2 | |
14 | Death of Roman emperor Augustus | 2 |
64 | Great Fire of Rome | 2 |
c. 80 | Completion of colosseum amphitheatre in Rome | 2 |
AD 100 | 2 | |
116 - 17 | Roman empire reaches its greatest extent, under Emperor Trajan (98 - 17) | 2 |
122 - 38 | Hadrian's Wall built to defend province of Britain | 2 |
180 | Death of Emperor Marcus Aurelius; end of Pax Romana | 2 |
AD 200 | 2 | |
313 | Christianity tolerated throughout Roman empire | 2 |
324 | Constantine becomes sole emperor (western emperor in 312) | 2 |
330 | New city of Constantinople (now Istanbul) inaugurated on site of ancient Greek city of Byzantium in European Turkey | 2 |
360s | First invasions of Europe by Huns from central Asia | 2 |
378 | Romans defeated at Adrianople by Visigoths: Emperor Valens killed | 2 |
AD 400 | 2 | |
410 | Aaric the Goth, king of the Germanic people, the Visigoths, sacks Rome | 2 |
432 | St. Patrick introduces Christianity to Ireland | 2 |
445 | Attila the Hun attacks western Europe | 2 |
c. 450 | Saxons from Germany begin to invade Britain | 2 |
AD 500 | 2 | |
527 - 65 | Reign of Justinian, Byzantine emperor; he tries to reunite the eastern and western branches of the Christian church which are bitterly divided | 2 |
529 - 34 | Justinian introduces codes of law | 2 |
563 - 97 | St Columba comes from Ireland to spread Christian religion in Scotland | 2 |
597 | Mission of St. Augustine to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity | 2 |
AD 600 | 2 | |
c. 600 | Beginning of an important period of art and literature in Ireland | 2 |
AD 700 | 2 | |
715 | Muslim forces conquer most of Spain; only the mountainous north, home of the Basque people, remains independent | 2 |
732 | Charles Martel , king of the Franks, defeats Muslims at Poitiers in France, stopping Muslim advance northwards | 2 |
768 | Charlemagne becomes king of the Franks 784 - 96 Offa , king of Mercia in central England, builds defensive dyke between England and Wales | 2 |
787 | Vikings make their first raids on the coasts of Britain | 2 |
AD 800 | 2 | |
800 | Pope crowns Charlemagne emperor of Rome on Christmas Day in St Peter's Church, Rome | 2 |
c. 800 | First castles built in western Europe | 2 |
810 | Enelo Arista is born, earliest known ancestor of the de Marsan family and Laure de Marsan (see year 1267) | 5 |
814 | Death of Charlemagne | 2 |
825 | Birth of Geoffrey of Orleans, earliest recorded member of the Plantagenet Family who became rulers of England for over 300 years. Connected to the D'Aspit family through the St Amand line and Hameline Plantagent (see Year 1130). | 5 |
841 | Vikings found Dublin on east coast of Ireland | 2 |
c. 843 | Charlemagne 's Frankish empire breaks up | 2 |
843 | Kenneth /MacAlpin unites kingdom of Scotia and becomes first king of Scotland (dies c. 859) | 2 |
c. 860 | Vikings rule at Novgorod in Russia | 2 |
871 - 99 | Reign of Alfred The Great of England | 2 |
878 | Alfred defeats Vikings under Gudrum at Ethandune; Treaty of Wedmore divides England between them | 2 |
885 - 86 | Vikings raid Paris in France | 2 |
c. 891 | Monks write the history of England in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle | 2 |
AD 900 | 2 | |
911 | Rollo, Viking chief, settles in Normandy, France | 2 |
912 - 61 | Rule of Abd-al-Rahman III, Omayyad caliph of Cordoba, Spain; during his peaceful reign he develops arts and industry, such as paper-making | 2 |
936 - 73 | Reign of Otto The Great, king of Germany; he is crowned Holy Roman emperor in 962 | 2 |
937 | Athelstan of England defeats large army of Scots, Irish, and Danes at Battle of Brunanburh, northern England | 2 |
942 - 50 | Record of Welsh law is written down on the orders of Hywel Dda, Prince of all Wales | 2 |
c. 986 | Eric The Red, Viking explorer, sets up a colony in Greenland | 2 |
987 - 96 | Reign of Hugh Capet, first Capetian king of France | 2 |
AD 1000 | 2 | |
1000 | Arnaud, Seigneur D'Aspit, earliest known ancestor of the D'Aspit line | 5 |
1014 | Brian Boru, High King of all Ireland, defeats Vikings at Battle of Clontarf, but is killed after victory | 2 |
1016 - 35 | Reign of Canute, Viking king of England, Denmark, Norway and Sweden | 2 |
1020 | Italian towns, including Rome, Florence and Venice, become city states | 2 |
1034 | Scotland becomes united down to present border with England | 2 |
1035 - 66 | Normandy in north of France grows powerful | 2 |
1037 | Spanish kingdoms of Castile and Leæn unite | 2 |
1054 | Split between Catholic church of Rome and Orthodox Christian church of Byzantium | 2 |
1066 | William Duke of Normandy, defeats Harold of England at Battle of Hastings | 2 |
1072 - 91 | Norman armies conquer Sicily | 2 |
1077 | Pope Gregory expels Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV from church; Henry pleads forgiveness, but conflict between empire and Papacy continues into 12th century | 2 |
1080 | Lord Huston de St. Omer is born, earliest known ancestor of the St. Amand line and thought to be the ancestor of Anne de St Amand (see 1662) | 5 |
1086 | Survey of England by order of William I is recorded in Domesday Book | 2 |
AD 1100 | 2 | |
c. 1115 - 42 | French teacher Henry IV makes Paris centre of religious learning | 2 |
1119 | Bologna University founded in Italy; Paris University, in France, is founded in 1150 | 2 |
1124 - 53 | David I rules Scotland | 2 |
1130 | Birth of Hameline Plantagent, son of Geoffrey Plantagent and Adelaide of Angiers. | 5 |
1132 - 44 | St Denis Abbey, the first Gothic church, built by Abbot Suger in Paris | 2 |
1139 - 85 | Alphonso I becomes first king of Portugal | 2 |
1152 - 90 | Reign of powerful Holy Roman emperor Frederick I, called Barbarossa (red beard) | 2 |
1154 - 89 | Reign of Henry II Plantagenet of Anjou as king of England; he reforms law and government | 2 |
1171 - 72 | Henry II invades Ireland and is accepted as its lord | 2 |
1180 - 1223 | Philip II Augustus rules France, conquering Angevin lands in the west | 2 |
1185 | Birth of Petronille de Marsan, Countess of Bigorre and great grandmother of Laure de Marsan (see year 1267), later married Guy de Montfort, son of Simon de Montfort and Eleanor of England | 5 |
1190 | Teutonic Order of knights, a military society, set up in Germany to defend Christian lands in Palestine and Syria | 2 |
1190 | Amanieu de Mesmes is born, earliest known ancestor of the de Mesmes family and Jeanne de Mesmes (see year 1568) | 5 |
AD 1200 | 2 | |
1209 | St Francis of Assisi founds Franciscan religious order | 2 |
1215 | English King John seals Magna Carta, giving more power to barons | 2 |
1219 | Arnaud-Raimond I, eldest son of Ramona (see year 1180) aides in the defense of Toulouse which was besieged by Prince Louis, eldest son of King Philippe-August. | 5 |
1249 | University College, first college of Oxford University, England, founded | 2 |
c. 1254 | Explorer Marco Polo born in Venice | 2 |
1267 | Raimond de Mesmes marries Laure de Marsan, grandaughter of Alix, Countess of Bigorre and Viscountess of Marsan. | 5 |
1262 | Iceland and Greenland come under Norwegian rule | 2 |
1273 | Rudolph I becomes first Habsburg ruler of Austria | 2 |
1282 - 84 | Edward I of England conquers Wales | 2 |
1284 | Peterhouse, first college of Cambridge University, founded in England | 2 |
c. 1290 | Invention of spectacles in Italy | 2 |
AD 1300 | 2 | |
1305 | Giotto paints the first realistic frescoes in Padua | 1 |
1308 | Papal court moves to Avignon; Great Schism follows | 2 |
1313 | John, 2nd Baron de St Amand marries Joan Margaret Despencer, daughter of Hugh le Despencer and Isabel Beauchamp providing one of twp connections of the St. Amand family to William the Conqueror. | 5 |
1309-1378 | Papacy at Avignon | 1 |
1315-1317 | Famine in northern Europe | 1 |
1337 | Edward III of England claims French throne - 100 Years War (1337 - 1453) begins | 2 |
1341 | Petrarch crowned poet laureate at Rome | 1 |
1346 | Battle of Crecy | 1 |
1347-1350 | Black Death | 1 |
1370 | Geoffrey Chaucer writes first book, Book of the Duchess | 2 |
1373 | Treaty of Anglo-Portuguese friendship; the English and Portuguese are still allies today | 2 |
1374-1400 | Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles of the 100 Years' War | 1 |
1378-1417 | Great Schism | 1 |
1385?-1440 | Jan van Eyck | 1 |
1386-1400 | Geoffrey Chaucer writes Canterbury Tales | 1 |
1389 | Christian Serbs defeated by Ottoman Turks at Kossovo in Serbia | 2 |
1397 | Founding of the Medici Bank | 1 |
1399 | Henry of Lancaster (Henry IV) seizes English throne | 1 |
AD 1400 | 2 | |
1403 | Ghiberti sculpts human bodies in realistic style for bronze doors of Florence baptistry, heralding the Renaissance | 2 |
1410 | Marriage of Bertrans de Mesmes to Jeanne de la Barthe, daughter of Raymons de la Barthe II and Jean de Montcorneil, and descendent of ancient Counts of Aragon and the Merovingian Kings of Toulouse. | 5 |
1406 | Florence conquers Pisa. | 1 |
1415 | Battle of Agincourt | 1 |
1417 | Great Schism ends | 1 |
1417 | End of Great Schism in Catholic church; a single pope elected in Rome | 2 |
1419 | Brunelleschi designs Foundling Hospital in Florence | 1 |
1420-1460 | Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal | 1 |
1420 | Portuguese reach the Madeira Islands. | 1 |
1420 | Jean de la Broue is born, earliest known ancester of Catherine de la Broue, wife of Nicolas D'Aspit (see year 1601) | 5 |
1420 | Brunellischi designs dome of Florence Cathedral | 1 |
1428 | Raymond-Arnaud I, Baron of Aspet and Corraze; escort of Jeanne d'Arc at Harengs | 5 |
1427 | Portuguese reach the Azores. | 1 |
1429 | Joan of Arc leads French to break English siege of Orleans. | 1 |
1429 | Charles VII crowned king of France. | 1 |
1429 | Joan of Arc leads French forces against occupying English army at Siege of Orleans | 2 |
1430s | Gutenberg, a German metalworker, experiments with printing using moveable type | 2 |
1431 | Joan of Arc is burnt at the stake by the English | 2 |
1434 | Cosimo de' Medici establishes rule in Florence | 1 |
1440 | Platonic Academy founded in Florence | 1 |
1440 | Johann Gutenberg invents printing from movable type | 1 |
1442 | Birth of George de Mesmes, Chevalier, Siegneur de Caix-Chen, de Lusson and de Brocas (see year 1480). | 5 |
1449 | Birth of Lorenzo de' Medici. | 1 |
1451-1481 | Mohammed II, the Conqueror, Ottoman sultan | 1 |
1452-1519 | Leonardo da Vinci | 1 |
1453 | Constantinople falls to the Turks | 1 |
1453 | Ottomans besiege and capture Constantinople, ending Byzantine empire | 2 |
1453 | End of 100 Years War; English expelled from all France except Calais | 2 |
1455 | Gutenberg Bible printed | 1 |
1455-1485 | Wars of the Roses | 1 |
1461-1483 | Louis XI rules France | 1 |
1466 | Birth of Desiderius, Dutch scholar and leader of revival of learning in northern Europe | 2 |
1469-1492 | Lorenzo de' Medici ("the Magnificent") rules Florence. | 1 |
1475-1564 | Michelangelo Buonarroti | 1 |
1476 | William Caxton sets up printing press at Westminster | 1 |
1478 - 92 | Rule of Renaissance art patron, Lorenzo de' Medici | 2 |
1479 | Crowns of Aragon and Castile in Spain united under Ferdinand and Isabella | 2 |
1480 | Spanish Inquisition introduced to uncover heresy | 2 |
1482 | First great Renaissance villa is built for Pope Leo X | 1 |
1483 | Martin Luther born. | 1 |
1480 | George d Mesmes marries Marguerite de Cauna, daughter of Bernard de Causa and Jeanne de Beaumont, a descendent of the royal house of Navarre | 5 |
1485 | Botticelli paints The Birth of Venus | 1 |
1485 | Henry VII becomes first Tudor king of England and Wales after defeat of last Plantagenet king Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth | 2 |
1486-1502 | Rule of Aztec emperor Ahuitzotl; Aztec empire at height of power in Mexico | 3 |
1487 | Bartholomew Diaz sails around Cape of Good Hope- | 1 |
1492 | Christian Spanish capture Granada in Spain from Muslims | 2 |
1492 | Christopher Columbus lands on Bahama islands, Cuba, and Hispaniola; he is first European to reach Americas since Vikings | 2 |
1495-1497 | Leonardo da Vinci paints The Last Supper. | 1 |
1497 | John Cabot discovers Newfoundland . | 1 |
1497 - 98 | Portuguese Vasco da Gama rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and sails on to India | 2 |
AD 1500 | 2 | |
1500 | Black-lead pencils used in England | 2 |
1500s | French exploration in Canada begins | 3 |
1501-1504 | Michelangelo sculpts statue of David | 1 |
1502-04 | Columbus's fourth voyage; he reaches Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia | 3 |
1503 | Leonardo da Vinci paints Mona Lisa | 1 |
1506 - 1612 | Construction of basilica of St Peter's in Rome | 2 |
1508-1512 | Michelangelo paints ceiling of Sistine Chapel in Rome | 1 |
1513 | Vasco Nô'ez de Balboa, Spanish explorer, first sights the Pacific Ocean | 3 |
1517 | Raphel paints The Transfiguration | 1 |
1517 | Luther posts his 95 Theses in Wittenberg. | 1 |
1517 | Martin Luther, German scholar, publishes 95 objections to Catholic practices | 2 |
1519 | Charles of Spain becomes Emperor Charles V. | 1 |
1519-1521 | Magellan's ship first to sail around the world | 1 |
1519 | Charles, archduke of Austria (and king of Spain), elected Holy Roman emperor (retires in 1556) | 2 |
1519 | Death of Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci | 2 |
1521 | Diet of Worms. Luther refuses to back down. | 1 |
1529 | The Turks besiege Vienna | 1 |
1534 | Henry VIII of England breaks with Rome; makes himself head of English church | 2 |
1534 | French explorer, Jacques Cartier, makes first expedition to settle in Canada | 3 |
1535 | Jacques Cartier sails up the St. Lawrence River. | 1 |
1538 | Titian paints Venus of Urbino | 1 |
1540 | Hernando de Soto discovers the Mississippi River. | 1 |
1540s | Spanish arrive in California | 3 |
1541 - 64 | Leadership of John Calvin in Geneva, Switzerland | 2 |
1543 | Copernicus publishes heliocentric theory | 1 |
1545 | Council of Trent begins. Aims to reform Catholic Church. | 1 |
1556 | Charles V of Spain abdicates. | 1 |
1556 | Son, Phillip II, rules Spain; brother, Ferdinand I, is Emperor. | 1 |
1556 - 98 | Reign of Philip II of Spain | 2 |
1558 - 1603 | Reign of Elizabeth I of England | 2 |
1559 | Peace of Cateau-Cambresis ends Franco-Spanish war. | 1 |
1560s - 90s | French Wars of Religion: Protestant minority in conflict with Catholic majority as leading nobles struggle for power under weak Valois kings | 2 |
1564 - 1616 | Life of English playwright, William Shakespeare | 2 |
1571 | Italian painter, Caravaggio born in Milan | 1 |
1577 - 80 | English seaman Francis Drake sails round the world | 2 |
1568 | Jewin D'Aspit marries Jeanne de Mesmes uniting the two noble houses | 5 |
1580 - 1640 | Spain united with Portugal | 2 |
1584 | Sir Walter Raleigh founds first English colony in Virginia. | 1 |
1584 | Sir Walter Raleigh sends an exploring party to Virginia in North America, followed a year later by a colonizing expedition, which fails | 3 |
1587 | Mary, Queen of Scots executed. | 1 |
1588 | English fleet defeats Spanish Armada off south coast of England | 2 |
1592 | Galileo invents the thermometer | 1 |
1598 | Henry IV, first Bourbon king of France, grants equal rights to Protestants | 2 |
1599 | Spanish painter Diego Velazquez born in Seville | 1 |
1599 | Original Globe Playhouse built | 1 |
1600 | First performance of Hamlet at the Globe. | 1 |
AD 1600 | 2 | |
1604 | The first settlers arrive in the Acadian area. They settle at St. Croix Island. | 4 |
1605 | Gunpowder Plot fails | 2 |
1601 | Nicolas D'Aspit marries Catherine de la Broue | 5 |
1605 | Port Royal, which will become the major town of Acadia, is settled. | 4 |
1607 | John Smith founds colony of Virginia at Jamestown. | 1 |
1607 | Jamestown Colony, first permanent English settlement in North America, founded in Virginia | 3 |
1608 | French colony of Quebec founded. | 1 |
1608 | Quebec in Canada founded by French settlers | 3 |
1609 | Henry Hudson sails up Hudson River. | 1 |
1609 | Italian Galileo Galilei confirms that the sun is the centre of the universe | 2 |
1613 | The Globe burns down | 1 |
1616 | Shakespeare dies. | 1 |
1619 - 28 | In London, England, William Harvey discovers the circulation of the blood | 2 |
1620 | Pilgrim Fathers sail from England in the Mayflower | 1 |
1624 | Cardinal Richelieu becomes first minister in France | 2 |
1625 | Dutch found New Amsterdam (later New York). | 1 |
1629 | Massachusetts founded | 3 |
1640 | Portugal gains independence from Spain | 2 |
1642 - 47 | Civil war in England, Scotland, and Ireland | 2 |
1643 - 1715 | Reign of Louis XIV of France | 2 |
1649 | Charles I of England and Scotland executed | 2 |
1664 | English capture New Amsterdam from the Dutch; it is renamed New York | 3 |
1679 | Habeas Corpus Act in England ensures no imprisonment without court appearance first | 2 |
1662 | Bernard D'Aspit marries Anne de St. Amand uniting the noble houses of D'aspit and St. Amand, he joins the name and has the Coat of Arms registered in 1698. | 5 |
1682 - 1725 | Reign of Peter the Great of Russia | 2 |
1688 | Revolution in England against James II brings William of Orange to the throne | 2 |
1690 | Birth of Jean Francois D'Aspit de St. Amand, son of Bernard D'Aspit and Anne de St. Amand. | 5 |
1697 - 98 | Peter I (the Great) of Russia travels through western Europe in disguise | 2 |
AD 1700 | 2 | |
1700s | Age of Enlightenment introduces revolutionary new ideas to Europe | 2 |
1701 - 13 | Much of Europe involved in War of Spanish Succession; French routed at Battle of Blenheim, 1704 | 2 |
1703 | Peter the Great, Tsar of Russia, founds St Petersburg | 2 |
1715 | First Jacobite rising in Britain attempts to restore exiled Stuart dynasty to throne | 2 |
1716 | French build fortress, one of the strongest in North America, at Louisbourg in Canada | 3 |
1718 | City of New Orleans is founded on Mississippi river | 3 |
1722 | Marriage of Jean Francois D'Aspit de St. Amand and Marie Francoise Dubuisson. | 5 |
1726 - 43 | Cardinal Fleury governs France peacefully | 2 |
1718 | Jean Francoise D'Aspit de St. Amand arrives in Louisiana. He is made commandant of the upper Louisiana province and assigned to Fort Rosalie, near the present site of Natchez, Mississippi. | 5 |
1720 | Marie Francoise Dubuisson arrives in America at Ship Island from Dunkirk, France aboard the ship Le Tilleul. Marries Jean Francois Daspit de St. Amand in 1722. | 5 |
1727 | Coffee first planted in Brazil, by Europeans | 3 |
1735 | Libel trial of John Peter Zeuger in New York helps establish freedom of the press in North America | 3 |
1740s | Population of the 13 colonies reaches 1.5 million, including 250,000 slaves; Boston and Philadelphia largest cities | 3 |
1729 | Massacre at Ft. Rosalie and death of Jean Francois Daspit de St. Amand. | 5 |
1745 - 46 | Second Jacobite rising in Britain led by Bonnie Prince Charlie attempts but fails to restore exiled Stuart dynasty to British throne | 2 |
1753 | French occupy Ohio valley in North America | 3 |
1754-63 | Anglo-French war in North America | 3 |
1755 | The deportation (exile) of Acadians begins. Over 6,000 are deported in the first year. | 4 |
1755 | Birth of Pierre Daspit de St. Amand, grandson of Jean Francois D'Aspit de St. Amand. He becomes the Judge at La Fourche, Louisiana. | |
1760 | All Canada passes into British hands | 3 |
1762 | Publication of French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau's Contrat Social | 2 |
1762 - 96 | Reign of Russian empress Catherine the Great | 2 |
1764 | The first Acadians (20) arrive in Louisiana from New York via Mobile. | 4 |
1765 | The first Acadians begin to settle in Louisiana. | 4 |
1773 | Boston Tea Party: colonists in North America rebel against British taxes | 3 |
1774 - 92 | Reign of Louis XVI, king of France | 2 |
1781 | British Lord Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, ending American Revolution | 3 |
1789 | Outbreak of French Revolution; Paris Bastille stormed (14 July)* | 2 |
1798-99 | Wolfe Tone organizes Irish revolt against English rule | 2 |
1790 | Marcel Daspit, son of Pierre Daspit de St Amand is born on February 7. | 5 |
AD 1800 | 2 | |
1800 | Italian scientist Volta invents electric cell | 2 |
1801 | Thomas Jefferson becomes third US president | 3 |
1804 | Napoleon becomes Emperor of the French | 2 |
1805 | Battles of Trafalgar (British naval victory) and Austerlitz (French army victory) | 2 |
1806 | Napoleon brings the Holy Roman empire to an end | 2 |
1812 | First tin cans produced in England for preserving food | 2 |
1815 | Battle of Waterloo; final defeat of Napoleon | 2 |
1816 | BolÃvar defeats Spanish in Venezuela; independence confirmed in 1821 | 3 |
1830 | Revolution in France | 2 |
1846-48 | US war against Mexico; California and New Mexico ceded to United States | 3 |
1849 | California gold Rush | 3 |
1861-65 | Civil War in United States; attempt by southern states to secede is defeated | 3 |
c. 1850 | Francoise Gustave Daspit de St. Amand, son of Pierre Geoffrey, returns to France. | 5 |
1863-67 | French invade Mexico and set up Austrian archduke Maximilian as emperor of Mexico | 3 |
1865 | Thirteenth Amendment to US Constitution outlaws slavery | 3 |
1867 | Britain makes Canada a dominion | 3 |
1876 | In United States, Alexander Bell invents telephone | 3 |
1876-1911 | Rule of President Diaz of Mexico: period of great expansion | 3 |
1877 | US inventor Thomas Edison invents the record-player | 3 |
1883 | Edison invents the light bulb | 3 |
1898 | Spanish-American War; Spain gives Cuba independence, United States takes Puerto Rico, Guam, and Philippines as colonies | 3 |
1895 | Death of Marie Neige Daspit, daughter of Marcel Daspit, who spent most of her life trying to recover the families Coate de France lands. | 5 |
Last Updated on 8/21/99
By Patrick Daspit
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